Machine Learning in Engineering Science | NCKU + LAiMM | Fall 2026
Purpose: a fully worked, self-paced in-class practice with an optional extension. Weeks 11 and 18 are optional examination-readiness materials. These notebooks do not create weekly graded assignments.
Before running: choose a Python 3 kernel in Jupyter or a CPU runtime in Colab. Run every cell from top to bottom with Shift+Enter. Setup installs missing free packages. No API key or external dataset download is required.
Learning target: complete the calculation, inspect intermediate values, and explain why the protocol supports a limited claim.
Time: about 25-45 minutes including reading, prediction, execution, and explain-back.
Keep the seed fixed for the first run. Record actual outputs and package versions rather than copying a claimed performance number.
import sys, subprocess, importlib.util, platform, json, random, hashlib
from pathlib import Path
required = {"numpy": "numpy", "matplotlib": "matplotlib", "sklearn": "scikit-learn"}
missing = [package for module, package in required.items() if importlib.util.find_spec(module) is None]
if missing:
subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", *missing])
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
SEED = 2026
random.seed(SEED)
np.random.seed(SEED)
rng = np.random.default_rng(SEED)
ARTIFACTS = Path("artifacts")
ARTIFACTS.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
print("Python:", platform.python_version(), "NumPy:", np.__version__, "Seed:", SEED)
Checkpoint. The environment cell must finish before any analysis cell. Restart and run all if a variable is missing.
Solve before running: scores [1,0,1]/sqrt(2), values [[10,0],[0,10],[10,10]].
scores=np.array([1.,0.,1.])/np.sqrt(2)
weights=np.exp(scores-scores.max()); weights/=weights.sum()
values=np.array([[10.,0.],[0.,10.],[10.,10.]])
context=weights@values
print("Weights:",weights,"Context:",context)
assert np.isclose(weights.sum(),1)
Checkpoint. You should explain scores, softmax, and weighted retrieval as three distinct operations.
Sort components by their role. This small schema is a rehearsal aid, not a grading rubric.
components={"predictor":"maps input tokens to next-token logits",
"tool":"executes a validated operation",
"controller":"chooses or validates the next bounded step",
"evidence":"records inputs, outputs, configuration and checks",
"human":"authorizes consequential actions and judges limits"}
for name,role in components.items(): print(name+": "+role)
Checkpoint. A Transformer supplies a model component; it does not by itself define permissions or an execution loop.
Connect reproducibility, interpretability, and uncertainty. No grade or project-performance claim is produced by this notebook.
summary={"attention_context":context.tolist(),"components":components,
"reproducibility":"same data, code, configuration and environment record",
"interpretability":"explain the computation and test selected interventions",
"limit":"attention weights alone do not prove causation"}
print(json.dumps(summary,indent=2))
Checkpoint. Use these questions to rehearse both the written and oral exam; exam policy remains the course assessment policy.
Export a JSON record with a seed, package version, and measured result. Download the artifacts directory before leaving Colab; runtime storage is temporary.
record={"week":18,"seed":SEED,"numpy":np.__version__,"python":platform.python_version(),"result":summary}
(ARTIFACTS/"week-18-evidence.json").write_text(json.dumps(record,indent=2))
print(json.dumps(record,indent=2))
Checkpoint. The evidence file must match the result you actually obtained. A saved screenshot alone does not permit rerunning the calculation.
1. Predict the effect of one change before editing code. Change one parameter, input, or boundary condition only.
2. Rerun all cells in a fresh kernel. Keep the original evidence record and compare the observed difference.
3. Explain the result using the mechanism, not just the final number.
4. Name one assumption that limits the claim, and a new test that could challenge it.
Troubleshooting: if installation fails, restore network access; if a variable is undefined, run earlier cells; if your output differs, compare package versions, seed, and data construction. Do not repeatedly edit code until a preferred score appears.
Completion criterion: one executed notebook, one evidence JSON, and a brief claim/evidence/limitation statement.